Grapes - a genus of plants of the family Vinogradov, and fruits of such plants in the mature form, is a sweet berries. Spherical or ovoid berries collected in a more or less loose (rare dense) clusters. Painting of berries varies greatly depending on the variety (yellow, greenish, dark blue, purple, black and others. There are in Russia and the CIS countries are more than 3,000 varieties.
Grapes known people with the most ancient times. This is perhaps the first berries that people cultivate and perhaps because of which began to lead a settled way of life. Because in order to grow and harvest these wonderful berries and, subsequently, to make them grape wine had a long time to stay in one place and constantly care for plantings of grapes.
In the Bible, for example, says that the grapes were the first plant, which appeared on the earth and that grapes mostly ate the first people of the Earth - Adam and Eve. In addition to these data is also important, and the fact that the grapes in the Bible than about any other plant. Actually, according to the latest archaeological discoveries, scientists safely say that the wine was used by mankind since the dawn of its existence, more than 7000 years BC.
Scientists have calculated that every adult to get the required amount of vitamins and minerals contained in the grapes must only a year to eat 65-70 pounds of grapes, but at best eats only 30. And all this is due to the fact that the grape is considered in Nowadays, more delicacy than ordinary food. Although every year to increase the area under vines, it sorely lacking in order to saturate the market and that is why the cultivation of grapes in the garden land should compensate those missing pounds. Indeed, from one bush can get an average of 25 pounds of grapes.
Energy value of grapes - 72 kcal per 100 g of raw berries. It notes the high content of carbohydrates, which makes it quite nutritious. Nutritional value of dried grapes significantly higher at 281 kcal. People suffering from overweight, you need to use this product moderation in food. And for those who still want to enjoy the unforgettable taste of grapes and get a charge of energy and vitamins for the day, you can drink a glass of grape juice, 100 g of which contains only 54 calories.
Proteins, g Fat, gr Carbohydrates gr Ash g Water g Calories kcal
In grapes contains from 2.5 to 6% of the free and bound in the form of salts of organic acids. 60% malic acid, 40% - tartaric, gluconic, citric acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid. Free acid berries give a sour taste, and related do not affect him. In grape juice contains free acid in the range 0,2-06%.
In grapes have the necessary human body mineral salts and trace elements. More than 60% of all mineral elements of potassium, which improves the functioning of the heart and kidneys. 100 g of grape juice contains: 6-98 mg of manganese, 5-12 mg magnesium, 16-22 mg of nickel, cobalt, aluminum, silicon, zinc, boron, chromium and others. They often are structural elements of enzymes, hormones, vitamins, a number of important proteins and organic complexes.
Grapes contain a large amount of vitamins necessary for the person.
100 g: 2-15 mg of ascorbic acid, 0.1-0.2 mg carotene, 1.2-1.3 mg tocopherols, 0.02-0.05 mg of riboflavin, 0,06-0,07 mg ergocalciferol traces of thiamine.
Grape berries contain from 0.2 to 1.5% pectin. Grapes found essential amino acids (lysine, histidine, arginine, methionine, leucine) and nonessential (cystine, glycine), which is actively involved in metabolism. The seeds found up to 20% of solid fat oil (grape oil), tannin, 0.8% lecithin, vanillin, flobafeny.
Grapes should be eaten between meals pischschi 1.5-2 hours after eating. It has long been known that dark grapes facilitates expectoration, therefore it is recommended for the treatment of pleurisy, bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis. Treatment of grapes used by the ancient for the treatment of pulmonary and cardiovascular system.
In the treatment of grapes normal heart rate and blood pressure, swelling go quickly, less concerned about shortness of breath, getting better sleep, blood, "clean" blood, improves the condition of the respiratory tract and lungs.
Since time immemorial, grapes and products derived from them are used by man as a medicine in the treatment of many diseases. The composition comprises more than 150 grapes biologically active substances. Pulp and juice grapes are rich in vitamins and trace elements. Grape skins contain wax, essential oils, the phytosterol substances, tannins and pigments, and red grape skins also contain a substance reveratrol - is a natural phenol (carbolic acid), which can suppress cancers at various stages.
Grapes helps with anemia, chronic kidney disease, arthritis, disorders of the digestive system, joint pain, also helps to improve metabolism and excretion of uric acid.
Grape juice is considered one of the best fruit juices, it has a tonic and tonic effect. It is recommended for nervous exhaustion and loss of strength, it has a positive effect on muscle tone, particularly heart muscle. Grape juice has antibacterial, diuretic, laxative, diaphoretic, expectorant properties. It lowers serum cholesterol and elevated blood pressure levels. Another advantage of the grape juice - it does not contain the skin, which promotes the formation of gas in the gut and cause flatulence. Drinking juice is best for 1 hour before meals 3 times a day. You can also use canned grape juice.
Vine leaves and twigs contain up to 2% sugars, large amounts of organic acids. In grape seeds - up to 20% fatty oil; tannins - flabofen; lecithin; acetic acid and vanillin. In addition, they identified pikgenoly - substances with antioxidant activity.
In grape roots lot of vitamin C, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins. All parts of the plant contain large amounts of salt Si, Na, P, Fe, Cu,
If you eat the young branches of grapes, they do not give off harmful fumes ascend to the brain. Young branches, tendrils, leaves help with hot headaches, burning eyes and hot tumors if they knead and mix with barley flour, and then attach to the affected area. Vine branches, hung around the neck of the patient epilepsy, prevents seizures.
Thick juice grape leaves at reception inside strengthens hot stomach, stops vomiting, bloody vomit cures ulcers intestines, gall diarrhea. In the same way acts grape juice, if you enter it into the anus. Juice drives urine and strengthens the fetus in the womb. Grape juice, applied topically, promotes hair growth.
Grape leaves help with hemoptysis. If the juice of the vine branches to cook the syrup with sugar and drink, cure heart of bile, improve appetite, cure a hangover, calm the fever of bile, nausea. But this is bad syrup for coughs. Grape leaves enhance the potency. Gum and thick juice of the vineyard highly purified and dried nature. If you drink their wine, strongly cleanse the spleen, fractured the bladder stones and kidney. Sap wine with topical cures eczema. But before this procedure should be rubbed sore soda. Gum or condensed vineyard juice, mixed with olive oil, for external use strengthens the hair. Juice, secreted by burning branches of the vineyard, with the use of external cures warts, freckles, blisters, especially if it rubbed with raisins.
In today's folk medicine, fresh grape leaves used for constipation. A cold infusion of the leaves is used to strengthen the view rheumatism. To prepare 350 g of grape leaves poured 3 liters of cold water and infused for 3 days.
Broth grape leaves alkalizes urine and gradually help to get rid of uric acid kidney stones. Broth and useful in gout. In grape leaves are defined glucose-lowering properties - they are successfully used for the treatment of diabetes. It is also believed that the grape leaves enhance the potency.
Powder of dried grape leaves is inhaled with epistaxis. More they treat sores, using as an antiseptic.
Grape seeds have a hemostatic effect with uterine bleeding. Grape juice treat neurasthenia, hysteria, functional heart disease.
Contraindications to the use of grapes the following: diabetes, diarrhea, acute and chronic colitis, enterocolitis, acute tuberculosis, III - IV stage of obesity, chronic constipation, edema, hypertension, dyskinesia bile ducts, peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer., Cancer of the stomach .
Also, grapes and juice should not be used in the final stages of pregnancy, as it negatively affects the work of the mammary glands.
Some people can not tolerate the grapes and grape juice because of food allergies. This is especially seen in children.
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